Recent Scientific Study on Cardiovascular Risk in Thyroid Disorders

Compiled by Dr.Poonam Lalla –AGM Marketing

In recent years, the In-Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) industry has rapidly evolved to support different applications such as screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of chronic and infectious diseases not just for Pathologists but also for Clinicians. Transasia Bio-Medicals has been supporting data-driven scientific studies. We select various parameters from different segments and branches of medicine and monitor their role in the clinical manifestation of a particular symptom or disease. If the data is found to be effective with the scientific analysis then it is published as a WHITE PAPER. Hence, this published document allows the parameter to be used optimally with maximum efficacy or potential in the screening of those particular ailments for clinicians and pathologists, across the globe.

We are happy to share that Erba XL-640, a fully automated clinical chemistry analyzer from Transasia was chosen for conducting a scientific study on “Cardiovascular Risk in Thyroid Disorders” at the most prestigious academic institution - Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, a full-fledged Government medical college located in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The study has been published in the Dec’21 issue of the reputed International Journal of Recent Scientific Research.

Erba XL-640 is a Made in India, fully automated clinical chemistry analyzer, suitable for labs with a high workload for routine, immunoturbidimetry, and special chemistry assays. Over the years, it has been an instrument of choice for several scientific studies at reputed government institutes, owing to its short TAT, consistent quality reporting, and increased efficiency.

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was observed that very few Non-COVID patients visited specialty OPDs. For instance, Thyroid OPD registered a decline in the number of patients, thereby making it difficult to collect the data. However, July and August 2021 saw an increase in the non-COVID OPD numbers, leading to a sufficient database required. The study was carried out on 300 samples in the clinical biochemistry department. These samples were categorized into 113 hypothyroid, 87 hyperthyroid, and 100 age & sex-matched euthyroid controls. Serum samples were collected and evaluated for triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1), Apolipoprotein B (Apo B), Lipoprotein a Lp(a), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).  Hypothyroidism is a common metabolic disorder in the general population. Our study shows an increase in levels of Lipid profile & Apo A1, Apo B, Lp(a) in hypothyroid patients.

Cardiovascular Risk in Thyroid Patients

The associated abnormalities of lipid metabolism linked with hypothyroidism predispose to the development of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Moreover, hypothyroidism can adversely affect other CVD risk factors, further contributing to increasing CAD risk. Decreased thyroid function not only increases the number of LDL particles but also promotes LDL oxidation. Furthermore, hypothyroidism increases plasma homocysteine levels, which can be attributed to the hypothyroidism-induced decline of kidney function as well as impaired methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase activity. In addition, thyroid failure is strongly associated with arterial hypertension, especially diastolic via sympathetic and adrenal activation and increased vascular stiffness. Despite the increased activity of the HMG-CoA reductase, levels of TC, LDL-C, ApoB, and Lp(a) tend to decrease in patients with hyperthyroidism. This is due to increased LDL receptor gene expression resulting in enhanced LDL receptor-mediated catabolism of LDL particles. Furthermore, hyperthyroidism results in enhanced LDL oxidation, which is related to FT4 levels. A decrease in HDL-C levels is also observed in hyperthyroidism, due to increased CETP-mediated transfer of cholesteryl esters from HDL to VLDL and increased Hepatic Lipase-mediated catabolism of HDL2. Triglyceride levels remain unchanged. The decrease in Lp(a) concentrations during hyperthyroidism could also be mediated by increased activity of the LDL-C receptor.

To Know more about this paper, click on the link below

Authors: Dr. Pramod Ingale, Dr. Pooja S. K. Rai, Dr. Vaishnavi Salunkhe & Dr. Poonam Lalla

Conducted at: Biochemistry Department, LTMMC & GH, Sion, Mumbai

Published in: International Journal of Recent Scientific Research

  Vol. 12, Issue, 12(B), pp. 43750-43753, December, 2021

Online Link: Study of cardiovascular risk in thyroid disorders | International Journal of Recent Scientific Research